Overview

Rajko Mitić Stadium, commonly referred to as the "Marakana," stands as the largest stadium in Serbia and one of the most famous football arenas in the Balkans. Situated in the capital city of Belgrade, it serves as the home ground for Red Star Belgrade (FK Crvena zvezda), a club with a deep-rooted history and energetic traditions. The stadium is named in honor of Rajko Mitić, a legendary player and the first captain of the club, acknowledging his significant impact on both the team and Yugoslav football. 

The concept for a new stadium originated in the 1960s as Red Star aimed for a larger and more contemporary venue to support their expanding fanbase. Located on the site of the previous FK Jugoslavija stadium, construction started in 1960 and finished in 1963. The stadium was officially inaugurated on September 1, 1963, and initially had a capacity exceeding 100,000, making it one of the largest stadiums in Europe at that time. The nickname “Marakana” was inspired by Brazil’s Maracanã Stadium, reflecting its significant size and striking design. 

In its first match, Red Star Belgrade faced Rijeka in the Yugoslav First League, signifying the start of a new era in Serbian football. Over the years, Stadion Rajko Mitić has been the site of countless memorable matches, both at the national and international levels. It has served as the backdrop for Red Star's prominence in the Yugoslav and Serbian leagues, as well as their remarkable European Cup run in 1990–91, which led to the club being crowned champions of Europe. 

The stadium was the site of Red Star's victory over Bayern Munich and other top European teams as they advanced to the final in Bari, Italy, where they defeated Olympique de Marseille to claim the prestigious trophy. Upon returning to Belgrade, more than 100,000 fans gathered at the Marakana to celebrate their heroes, marking it as one of the most memorable celebrations in the history of Serbian sports. 

In addition to club football, Stadion Rajko Mitić has acted as the home ground for both the Yugoslav national team and, subsequently, the Serbian national team. The stadium has hosted numerous international matches, including UEFA qualifying games and friendly matches. Its intense atmosphere, driven by the passionate Red Star supporters known as “Delije,” makes it one of the most challenging venues for opposing teams. 

Throughout the years, the stadium has experienced numerous renovations to align with contemporary safety and comfort standards. Its seating capacity has been decreased to approximately 52,000 spectators, yet the essence of the original Marakana remains preserved. Key enhancements include the installation of floodlights, electronic scoreboards, VIP suites, modern press areas, and upgraded locker rooms. In 2014, the stadium was officially renamed to honor Rajko Mitić, ensuring his legacy is forever connected to the venue. 

Stadium Rajko Mitić is not merely a sports venue; it stands as a testament to Serbian football culture. It encapsulates years of victories, rivalries, and the unwavering loyalty of its supporters. The timeless derby between Red Star and Partizan Belgrade, contested here multiple times each season, ranks among the most intense football rivalries in the world, attracting significant attention for its thrilling atmosphere and fierce competition. 

Today, the Marakana continues to serve as a venue for domestic league matches, Serbian Cup games, and European tournaments. It remains the spiritual hub of Red Star Belgrade, where history resonates in every chant, each flag, and every goal scored. Whether illuminated by sunlight or under floodlights, Stadion Rajko Mitić stands as a monumental testament to the power of football to unite and inspire.

History and Construction 

The construction of Stadion Rajko Mitić, widely known as the “Marakana,” commenced in the late 1950s due to Red Star Belgrade's need for a modern and larger stadium to replace their previous venue. The chosen site for the new stadium was the former home of FK Jugoslavija, which had been in use since 1927. After World War II, Red Star assumed control of the stadium when FK Jugoslavija was dissolved by the new communist regime. As football's popularity soared and Red Star's fanbase grew, the original stadium became inadequate for the rising number of attendees. 

The planning of the new stadium began in 1959, and the ambitious project officially launched in 1960. The construction involved the complete demolition of the old Jugoslavija ground, followed by significant excavation. It is estimated that more than 350,000 cubic meters of soil were removed to lower the pitch level, creating a bowl-like design that allowed for increased spectator capacity. At the time, the project was regarded as a significant architectural and engineering achievement in Yugoslavia. 

The design included a large concrete construction with steep stands that provided excellent visibility from every angle, enhancing the cheers of the supporters. Originally, the stadium was designed to hold over 100,000 fans, making it one of the largest football stadiums in Europe. This vast capacity led to its nickname “Marakana,” in tribute to the iconic Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The venue's design and size were meant to symbolize the rising aspirations of both Red Star Belgrade and Yugoslav football. 

The construction of the stadium was finished in 1963, with its official opening occurring on September 1 of that same year. The inaugural match featured Red Star Belgrade against Rijeka in the Yugoslav First League. Approximately 55,000 fans attended this first event, and in the subsequent years, the stadium often saw crowds exceeding 90,000. At its highest capacity, it was recorded at 110,000, although the actual number of attendees was frequently higher due to standing areas and relaxed ticketing regulations. 

During the 1960s and 1970s, the Marakana served as a stronghold for Red Star Belgrade and was an important location for the Yugoslav national team. It hosted a variety of significant domestic matches, international friendlies, and competitive games. The thrilling atmosphere, particularly during derby matches against their intense rivals Partizan Belgrade, made the stadium a daunting place for visiting teams. 

Over the years, numerous renovations and safety enhancements have been implemented. During the 1990s, in accordance with the evolving standards set by UEFA and FIFA, the stadium’s capacity was decreased to prioritize safety and comfort. The standing terraces were systematically transformed into all-seater sections. Other improvements included the installation of floodlights, contemporary VIP and media amenities, upgraded locker rooms, and enhanced access for players and officials. 

In 2008, a new electronic scoreboard was introduced, and additional enhancements were made in the subsequent years. However, the essential architectural identity of the Marakana was preserved, keeping its recognizable bowl-like shape and imposing stature. 

In December 2014, the stadium was officially renamed Stadion Rajko Mitić to commemorate Red Star’s legendary captain and one of the most esteemed figures in the history of Yugoslav football. This renaming served as a symbolic gesture, connecting the stadium’s legacy to one of the club’s most celebrated icons. 

Today, Stadion Rajko Mitić serves not only as a historical landmark in Serbian sports but also as a living homage to the nation's football heritage. Its construction and development over more than sixty years mirror the transformations in both football infrastructure and the social and political environment of the region.

History and Construction 

The construction of Stadion Rajko Mitić, commonly referred to as the “Marakana,” began in the late 1950s out of necessity, as Red Star Belgrade aimed to create a modern and larger stadium to replace their old venue. The chosen site for the new stadium was the former location of the FK Jugoslavija grounds, which had been in use since 1927. Red Star took control of the stadium after World War II when FK Jugoslavija was dismantled by the new communist regime. As football gained popularity and Red Star’s fanbase grew, the old stadium could no longer accommodate the rising number of fans. 

The planning for the new stadium started in 1959, and the ambitious project formally kicked off in 1960. The construction involved the complete demolition of the old Jugoslavija ground, followed by significant excavation work. It is estimated that more than 350,000 cubic meters of soil were excavated to lower the pitch level, forming a bowl-like shape that enhanced spectator capacity. This project was regarded as a significant architectural and engineering feat for its time in Yugoslavia. 

The design showcased a massive concrete structure with steep seating, providing unobstructed views from every angle and enhancing the sound of enthusiastic fans. Originally, the stadium was designed to hold over 100,000 spectators, making it one of the largest football stadiums in Europe. This vast capacity led to its nickname “Marakana,” in tribute to the iconic Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The design and size of the facility were meant to symbolize the increasing aspirations of both Red Star Belgrade and Yugoslav football. 

Construction was completed in 1963, and the stadium officially opened on September 1 of that year. The inaugural match featured Red Star Belgrade against Rijeka in the Yugoslav First League, drawing an estimated crowd of around 55,000. In subsequent years, the stadium often hosted matches with over 90,000 attendees. At its highest recorded capacity, the venue could accommodate 110,000 spectators, although the actual number was frequently higher due to standing sections and lenient ticket control measures. 

During the 1960s and 1970s, the Marakana served as a stronghold for Red Star Belgrade and an essential location for the Yugoslav national team. It hosted a plethora of significant domestic matches, international friendlies, and competitive games. The thrilling atmosphere, particularly during derby clashes with fierce rivals Partizan Belgrade, transformed the stadium into a daunting place for visiting teams. 

Over the years, numerous renovations and safety improvements have been made. In the 1990s, in accordance with the evolving standards of UEFA and FIFA, the stadium's capacity was reduced to enhance safety and comfort. The standing terraces were progressively replaced with seating arrangements. Additional upgrades included the installation of floodlights, modern VIP and media facilities, renovated locker rooms, and enhanced access for players and officials. 

In 2008, a new electronic scoreboard was installed, and additional improvements continued in the subsequent years. Despite these updates, the fundamental architectural identity of Marakana was maintained, preserving its iconic bowl-shaped design and impressive stature. 

In December 2014, the stadium was officially renamed Stadion Rajko Mitić to honor the legendary captain of Red Star and one of the most esteemed figures in the history of Yugoslav football. This renaming served as a symbolic act, linking the stadium's legacy to one of the club's most celebrated icons. 

Today, Stadion Rajko Mitić is not only a historic landmark in Serbian sports but also serves as a vibrant homage to the nation's football heritage. Its construction and development over the past sixty years illustrate the evolution of football infrastructure alongside the shifting social and political landscape of the region.

Architectural and Design Aspects

Rajko Mitić Stadium, commonly referred to as the “Marakana,” stands as one of the most significant and recognizable stadiums in Southeast Europe. Established in the early 1960s, the stadium's design aimed to prioritize functionality, capacity, and atmosphere. The architectural plan sought to create a vast football venue that would embody the prominence of Red Star Belgrade and cater to the increasing number of fans supporting the team, both locally and globally. 

The stadium was built in a natural depression of the land, enabling the creation of a bowl-like structure. This design ensured that every seat had an unobstructed view, a crucial factor during the planning process. To achieve this bowl effect, engineers removed over 350,000 cubic meters of soil, lowering the pitch by several meters beneath ground level. This not only increased the stadium's potential capacity but also improved its acoustics, amplifying the noise generated by the fans and enhancing its reputation as a hub of football enthusiasm. 

The stadium originally had a capacity exceeding 100,000 spectators, with a peak recorded attendance of 110,000. Its design included large concrete terraces that featured steep inclines, allowing for a significant number of fans to be accommodated within a relatively small area. The stands formed a continuous ring around the pitch, heightening the matchday atmosphere and fostering a strong sense of community among supporters. The highest levels offered sweeping views of both the pitch and the surrounding cityscape, making the venue not just functional, but also visually impressive. 

A prominent architectural feature of Stadion Rajko Mitić is its symmetry and balance. The east and west stands are designed to reflect each other, while the north and south stands complete the stadium's oval configuration. The primary material used in the construction was reinforced concrete, a prevalent choice at the time due to its strength and durability. Additionally, the design incorporated several entrance and exit points around the stadium’s perimeter to ensure efficient crowd movement and safety during major events. 

In its initial design, the stadium had very little roofing, leaving most of the seating exposed to the weather. However, throughout its modernization over the years, certain areas, particularly the VIP and press sections, were eventually covered for protection. Nonetheless, the stadium kept much of its open-air essence, which contributed to the atmosphere and magnificence of significant events. 

Later renovations equipped the stadium with floodlights, enabling night matches and enhancing the venue's adaptability for international events. The introduction of electronic scoreboards further upgraded the experience for fans. Other renovations included better seating, with plastic seats replacing the original concrete terraces as part of the transition to an all-seater format to meet UEFA regulations. Although these changes reduced the overall capacity to around 52,000, they greatly enhanced comfort and safety standards. 

Accessibility and infrastructure were vital elements of the design. The stadium was seamlessly integrated into the urban landscape of Belgrade, featuring nearby roads, public transport access points, and parking options to facilitate easy access for fans. The internal layout was organized to include specific areas for team facilities, medical units, locker rooms, and media services. Additionally, the press area was upgraded to incorporate broadcasting booths and high-speed communication lines, ensuring that the stadium adhered to international media standards. 

In recent years, VIP lounges and hospitality areas have been introduced, boosting the stadium's commercial potential. Notably, the western stand underwent enhancements to accommodate club offices and operational headquarters. Despite these renovations and updates, the architectural integrity of the Marakana has been preserved, maintaining its historical importance and emotional connection for fans. 

The design of Stadion Rajko Mitić blends monumental scale with practical engineering and a vibrant atmosphere. It remains a significant emblem of Serbian football, reflecting both its historical majesty and contemporary utility. Top of FormBottom of Form.

Atmosphere and Fan Experience 

Stadion Rajko Mitić, commonly referred to as the "Marakana," is famous throughout Europe and the football community for its vibrant atmosphere and passionate fan engagement. Serving as the home ground for Red Star Belgrade, one of the most accomplished and historical football clubs in the Balkans, this stadium has long stood as a stronghold of fervor, dedication, and steadfast support. It is a place where football transcends the game—it's a way of life. 

As fans start to gather around the stadium hours before the kick-off, a noticeable atmosphere of excitement fills the air. The streets near the venue are filled with red and white colors, while vendors offer scarves, flags, and memorabilia for sale. The aroma of grilled food and the sounds of chants resonate through the air of Belgrade, creating an ambience that is both celebratory and electrifying. For many fans, being present at a match at the Marakana is a cherished tradition passed down through generations. 

The atmosphere for fans at Stadion Rajko Mitić is greatly influenced by the vibrant supporter group of Red Star, known as the “Delije.” Primarily located in the north stand, the Delije are celebrated for their unwavering support, intricate choreographed displays, powerful chants, and pyrotechnic shows. Their energy turns the stadium into a lively spectacle filled with color, sound, and movement. On match days, particularly during significant games or European competitions, their tifos and banners take over the visual landscape, conveying narratives of the club’s history, challenges, and victories. 

An iconic element of the fan experience is the Eternal Derby—Red Star Belgrade versus Partizan Belgrade. These matches are some of the most intense and emotionally charged events in global football. The atmosphere becomes electrifying, with flares, smoke, and constant chanting from both groups of fans. The excitement, tension, and fervor of these derbies provide a unique experience for many spectators. While security measures are increased during such events, the enthusiasm of the fans remains unwavering. 

The acoustics at the Marakana amplify noise levels within the stadium. Its bowl-shaped design enables chants and songs to reverberate and intensify, creating a daunting atmosphere for visiting teams. The collective voice of the fans rises in harmony, forming a wall of sound that energizes the home team and intimidates the opponents. Even neutral spectators and away fans frequently report that the noise is overwhelming, particularly during crucial moments of the match, such as goals, contentious calls, or thrilling finishes. 

Fan traditions are an integral part of the experience. From chanting the club anthem prior to kickoff to waving flags and igniting flares, supporters participate in synchronized activities that foster unity and a sense of identity. Players often recognize this connection, with many referring to the fans as a vital “twelfth man” during important games. This relationship between the squad and the fans enhances the stadium's legendary reputation. 

Recent years have brought substantial enhancements to the stadium facilities, aimed at improving the matchday experience. While maintaining the authentic energy of traditional football fandom, upgrades have been implemented in seating, security, refreshments, and access points. The addition of VIP sections, family areas, and designated spaces for away fans promotes a more inclusive and secure atmosphere for all supporters.

Even with these modern changes, the essence of the fan experience is still deeply connected to tradition and passion. The standing sections used to provide freedom of movement and lively support, and although the introduction of all-seater arrangements has been made for safety reasons, the excitement has not waned. Fans continue to sing, jump, and show their loyalty with unparalleled fervor throughout the full 90 minutes and beyond. 

On European nights, the atmosphere at Marakana reaches extraordinary heights. Matches against prominent teams like Liverpool, Bayern Munich, or AC Milan draw large crowds and garner international interest. These evenings feature intricate pre-match performances, stirring national anthems, and memorable displays from fans. For many, it is during these moments that Marakana truly showcases its might, evoking memories of Red Star's 1991 European Cup victory and reaffirming the club's status on the global stage. 

The fan experience extends beyond just matchdays. Supporters of Red Star are actively engaged throughout the year, organizing events, community initiatives, and club celebrations. The stadium is regarded as a home not only for the team but also for a larger community of individuals united by loyalty and pride. The Delije and the wider fanbase are essential in preserving the spirit and culture of the club. 

 The atmosphere and fan experience at Stadion Rajko Mitić are exceptional. It is a venue where history, identity, and emotion come together, creating one of the most genuine and passionate football experiences in the world. The chants, the colors, and the fervor in the stands merge to ensure that every visit to the Marakana becomes a memorable occasion.

Archives and Heritage

Stadium Rajko Mitić, commonly known by its historic name "Marakana," has built a strong reputation over the years as one of the most legendary football stadiums in Europe. Beyond its impressive structure and thrilling atmosphere, the stadium carries a rich and lasting legacy filled with records and achievements that underscore its pivotal role in the history of Serbian and Yugoslav football. 

The stadium was officially inaugurated on September 1, 1963, and throughout the years, it has held numerous domestic and international matches, solidifying its legendary reputation. Among its most notable achievements is its peak attendance capacity. In its early days, the stadium could hold over 100,000 fans, with an official maximum recorded at around 110,000. This made it one of the largest stadiums in Europe, hosting some of the most attended football matches in the history of the region. 

The highest attendance at Stadion Rajko Mitić was recorded during the 1975 match between Red Star Belgrade and Ferencváros in the European Cup. At that time, around 110,000 fans filled the stadium to see one of Red Star's important European clashes. This record stands as a significant moment in Serbian football, representing the fervor of the supporters and the importance of the Marakana as a venue for historic events. 

Red Star Belgrade's success in national football has been closely linked to its stadium. It has hosted countless championship-winning seasons and celebrations. Throughout the years, Red Star has secured numerous league titles, Serbian Cups, and Super Cups, with most of these victories commemorated at Stadion Rajko Mitić. The stadium has come to represent both triumph and a significant home advantage, with the team experiencing prolonged unbeaten streaks at home multiple times. 

One of the most significant chapters in the legacy of the stadium occurred during Red Star Belgrade's extraordinary 1990–91 European Cup campaign. Although the final took place in Bari, Italy, the Marakana was home to many unforgettable matches leading up to that event, including intense confrontations with Rangers, Dynamo Dresden, and Bayern Munich. These matches drew full-capacity crowds, and the exhilarating atmosphere and fervent support were instrumental in energizing the team on their path to becoming European champions. This victory stands as the most esteemed achievement in the history of Serbian club football, with Stadion Rajko Mitić playing a pivotal role in this success. 

Regarding international matches, the stadium has been the home ground for both the Yugoslav national team and, later, the Serbian national team. It has hosted qualifiers for the World Cup and European Championship, along with friendly matches and games against some of the world’s leading national teams. The stadium's imposing structure and passionate fans have made it a difficult place for visiting teams, contributing to its reputation as a fortress. 

A notable element of the stadium's legacy is its renaming in December 2014. Formerly referred to as the "Red Star Stadium," it was renamed Stadion Rajko Mitić to honor the legendary captain of Red Star and one of the most prominent figures in the club's history. Rajko Mitić was not only an essential player and leader during his career but also a representation of sportsmanship and commitment. By naming the stadium after him, its reputation as a national treasure and a symbol of football excellence was further solidified. 

Historically, the Marakana has functioned as a venue for significant events beyond football, including concerts, political rallies, and cultural gatherings, thus expanding its legacy beyond the sports domain. However, football has always been central to its identity. 

The stadium has seen multiple renovations to meet UEFA and FIFA standards, evolving from a large, predominantly open, terraced facility to a fully seated venue equipped with modern amenities. Although these updates have decreased the overall capacity to approximately 52,000, they have maintained the stadium's historical essence while enhancing safety and comfort for both fans and players.

The Delije, who are the fervent supporters of Red Star, have significantly contributed to the stadium's reputation. Their intricate choreographies, unwavering support, and iconic presence during crucial matches have become a vital aspect of the stadium's living history. The connection between the fans and the venue has fostered a legacy of emotional depth that goes beyond the sport itself. 

Rajko Mitić Stadium is not just a sports arena; it represents pride, identity, and resilience. It serves as a reminder of a glorious history, a testament to footballing excellence, and a guiding light for future generations of Serbian players and fans. The records held here are not just statistics and achievements; they are memories woven into the very essence of the stadium, brought to life by every cheer, every song, and every success celebrated within its confines.